Oxidative dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene can not only break the limitation of thermdynamic equilibrium,but lower energy consumption as well.The key to the development of highly active and selective catalysis.Metal oxide catalysts,such as V-Mg-O catalysts,follow typical Redox mechanism.Therefore,the main factors influencing the cataltic performance include compoition of crytalline phase,surface electronic properties,surface acidity and process condition such as reaction temperture,concentration of oxygen,space velocity and the amount of sream,among which phase composition is vital to the catalytic performance.

The principle of high temperature catalytic combustion and the relationship between reaction rate and temperature is outlined.Recent R&D on substrates,supports and active components for high temperture catalytic combustion catalyst id described in detail.It is poit out that the key to the development of high temperture catalyst combution is a catalyst with large surface area,high theermal stability mised oxide coating with alumine or magesia as substract.

Development of a noval residue hydrodesulfuization catalyst were report in this paper.The key to its preparation is a special supports preparation technique and selection of suitable promoter.The effect of metal rations on the activity was investigated.

Based on a look into the reaction mechanism for hydrocarbon steam pre-reforming, a reaction mechanism was assumed and the catalyst designed.As a result, a nikckel catalyst with high pro volume and surface area wsa screened out.An investigation of such process conditions as S/C ratio,space velocity,temperature and pressure was done with light oil as feedstocks,and the process parametters for preparation of methane-enriched gas chosen.The methane content in reform gas reached over 65% with a conversion of 100%.The experimental results proved the mechanism assumed.This techenology will a wide use in ammonia and hydrogen production,carbonyl synthesis,town gas production and such like.

In this paper,in view of the thermal stabilitu of fixed-bed reactor,maximum tube diameter and temperture differennce of heat transfer for low-pressure tube-shell methanol synthesisi reactuor were calculated.Result show that,inner diameter of the tube shoud be less than 70mm and the suitable diameter in between 42mm×2mm and 46mm×2mm. The temperture of cooling media should be over 208℃.When there is a middle-pressure steam network,the temperture of boiling water should be 250℃,otherwise it may be lower.

A novel type of catalytic distillation struction structure which is composed of ion exchange resin embodied by stainless wire mesh was developed fr the snthesis of methylal from methanol and formaldehyde by means of reactive distillation.Two distillation column,a 25 mm inner dismeter by 1000 mm length glass column and a 150 mm niner diameter by 5400 mm lengh stainless steel column,were used to test the catalytic distillation structure.Expermental results showed that the structure has a high catalytic activity,high separation efficiency and higher throughput capacity.The service life of structure could be over 2000h.

Influence of sulfr contents in process gas on the intrinsic and macroactivity of QCS-01 sulfur-tolerant shift catalyst was studied in this paper.The result from experiments and commercial application show that,when there is suitable amont of sulfur in process gas (nimally less than 100ppm),sulfur content generally has little influence on macroativity,but has certain influence on intrinsic sctivity,to an extent less than that on typical commercial Co-Mo sulfur-tolerant shift catalysts.

A special promoter is introduced into CH-17 hydrorefining catalyst beside active components molybdum and nickel,so that its activity is evidently enhanced.When used in single-step coker gas hydrorefining process,the catalyst can reduce sulfide level down to 0.5mg/m³ and olfin leven to 0.3vol%.

ICI71-4 carbon monoxide high-temperature shift catalyst for low steam/carbon operation was characterized by X-ray powder diffraction,pore structure analysis and thermal analysis.The mechanism for F-T reaction and active comonents for shift reaction were discussed.

The characterization result show that ultrafine zirconia made by superritical drying(SCD)contains little water but more organic compounds in it.The organic compounds can removed in air at about 450℃.The exothermal peak in the differential scanning calorimetty(DSC) curves for ultrafine ZrO₂ and ultrafine Y₂O₃-ZrO₂ is form by crystallization of ZrO₂ or Y₂O₃-ZrO₂ from amorphous to tetragonal crystallites.the crystallization process is easier in air than in argon atmosphere.Addition of trace amount of Y₂O₃ favours the stability of tetragonal ZrO₂ crystallites.

The development of the catalyst for cata1ytic dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene was briefly reviewed.

Properties of the catalysts and features of oxidative dehydrogenation processes, especial1y ethylbenzene

dehydrogenation-hydrogen se1ective oxidation, were detai1ed. A comparison between the latter and conventional catalytic dehydrogenation process was also made.

The activity of B-2 steam reforming catalyst with double-peak pore distribution, which has been examined inindustrial reformer, and typical Z107 industrial catalyst was tested under comparable condition and in aNWF-1 type inner-recycle non-gradient reactor. Results show that the former catalyst is more advantageousat higher temperature. The activity of B-2 catalyst is 28. 2% higher than Z107 long-ring catalyst at 800℃.

The status of and problems with spheric Co/Mo sulfur-tolerant carbon monoxide shift catalyst preparedby impregnation are reviewed. A new type of impregnating solutiom was prepared and the effect of perparation condition on catalytic activity was discussed. Results from industrial preparation show that the solutionis featured by low cost, high loading concentration of active components and good thermal stability.

This article reports the pilot test results of gas-phase catalytic synthesis of o-cresol and 2; 6-xylenol fromphenol and methanol over V2O5-Fe2O3 catalyst. Under

Industrial run of CB-6 reforming catalyst at Jinzhou Petrochem Co. is reviewed. Results from.six productioncycles from Sept, 1990 to Aug, 1997 show an average life-span of 104. 81m'/kg' cat, even under the condition of higher mix ratio of hydrogenated coking gasoline. Seven years of industrial operation shows that CB-6is an excellent domestic catalyst with high activity, good selectivity, high stability, high resistance to hightemperature impact and long service life.

The main performance and application of several low-temperature shift catalysts in energy-saving large-scale ammonia plants are reviewed. It is shown that the domestic LTS catalysts exhibit good low-ternperatureactivity, high carbon monoxide conversion, good selectivity and long service life, which meet the require-ments of energy-saving ammonia plants in China.

The β-zeolite molecular sieve carried hydrocracking catalyst series, developed and put into industrial useby the 3rd Refinery of Fushun Petrochemical Co. during the year 1975～1995 for processing of various fractions from Daqing crude oil, are summerized in this paper with respect to their developments and industrialperfo rmance.

By using TPR, TPD and EPR techniques, the influence of titanium addition on the surface acidity andalkality and reducibility for Cu-Co-Zn/Al₂O₃ catalyst were studied. The results show that addition of titaniumcan effectively promote the reduction of Cu²⁺ and modify the intensity and number of acidic and basic sites,which favours the reaction. The influence of titanium loadings on the properties of the catalyst was investigated. When titanium loading is 3%, ethanol conversion of 83. 0% and selectivity to ethyl acetate of 57. 4%,were attained at 300℃ and WHSV of 2. 0h^-1.

This paper gives a brief introduction to the standard testing method of ASTM about" Attrition andAbrasion of Catalysts and Catalyst Carriers". The strength of A110 ammonia synthesis catalyst was testedwith this mothod and the results discussed and assessed.

A new Qbasic program, which is based on Kelvin condensation theory, Wheeler method and a circularcylinder particle model, is developed. This program can perform more linear regression and model adsorption-desorption isoterm curve of nitrogen. The isotherm is then converted into a pore-size distribution.

It was estimated that catalysts required for ammonia manufacture in China will be 25740 tons in 2000,27170 tons in2010,and will not be over 32240 tons in 2020.Demand for different catalysts and their proportion was given.Some effects on forecast values were also discussed.The catalysts used for methanol synthesis,production of sulfuric acid and nitric acid were also estimate in this paper.

This paper in a review on oil refining catalytic technologies based on 22 latest reference.The reviews covers isomeeizating,alkylation,refornate upgrading and debenzolizing catalysts,hydrotrotreating and hydrocracking of distillates,fluid catalytic cracking(FCC),FCC of residue oil and FCC processes for more olfins, hydrotreating of residue oil and biological catalytic desulfurrization.

In this paper,applications of computer simulation in heterogeneous catalytisis research were described using recent references,and new progress on simulation research by Monte Carlo method were also reviewed in detail.

The experiments for oxidation of methylal to formaldehyde were carried out in a sing-tube reactor using a ring catalyst prepared in semi-plant scale.Under suitable reaction conditions,i.e.,temperature 360~380℃,GhSV 7000~1000h^-1 and CH₃OCH₂OCH₃：O₂=1：2（mole ratio）,the conversion of methylal and the selectivity to formaldehyde reaches 100% and 93.5%~95.4%, respectively.The study shows that the catalyst has a good thermal stability and good repeatability for preparation wieh service life of more that 1000 hours.

A porous support was obtained from spherical iron catalyst after its potassium ions were dissoved out by water.Impreganation of a mixture of Mn(Ac)₂ and KNO₃ on the dried porous support gives a catalyst with higher activity for ammonia synthesis.New phasea ofthe catalyst were characterized by XRD.Influence off concentration of the impregnating solution and K⁺/Mn²⁺ mole ratio on the activity were alse dicussed.

This paper discusses the performance of 74-1 ammonia synthesis catalyst and feasibility for its application in C.F.Braun Process.The operating result of the catalyst is forecast.Some schemes are also given.

A FCC promotor was developed with a rare earths-phosphorus-silicon-aluminum(RPSA)molecular sieve as shape-selective component combined with other ultra-stable molecular sieves and a suitable carrier.When used in a FCC plat,the promoto produces 5% more LPG.The promotor is featured by convenience in adding into FCC plants,higher stability and attrition resisitance,and better octance number and induction period of the gasolin produced.

Chunwei methanol plat is the first natual-gas-based 100kt/a methanol synthesis plant in China,ehose process conditions are featured by (1)16%CO₂ added to feed gas at inlet of reformer for increased cardbon-oxides-to-hydogen ratio in syngas;(2)raised temperture at inlet of reformer tubes to 856℃,which in 50~60℃ higer than tradition;(3)Oxygen concentraition feed in higher(several hundred ppm).According to the requirmeng of the plat and design institute.adaptability of Z412W/Z413W catalytsts to these process contions was investigated. Since the plat was put into operation in Decemeber,1996,it has been running continually for more than nine months,during which the catalysts exhibited excellent cataltic performance.

The interation among Cu-Fe catalysts was studied by XRD,TG-DTG,CO-TPD and H₂-TPD techniques.It was found that CuFe₂O₄ compound was formed when mechanically mixed CuO and Fe₂O₃ wascalcined over 850℃. Aother type of interaction made the adsorption centers for CO homogeneous on the sample prepared by impregnation of Fe(NO₃)₃·9H₂O on CuO powder. Different type of interaction in the catalyst result in difference in the type and relative amont of adsorption centeers for CO and H₂ on the catalyst surface.The reaction order n and activation energy Ed for CO and H₂ desorption on different centers was obtioned.