This paper discusses the reaction mechanism of methane dry reforming (DRM),including the microscopic mechanism of the key steps and the main factors affecting the reaction path.The properties and characteristics of various catalysts used for DRM,including metal oxide and metal carbide as support catalysts,and precious metal and Fe,Co,Ni as active component,are comprehensively evaluated,and their advantages and disadvantages in catalytic activity,selectivity and stability are analyzed.In addition,this paper also focuses on the mechanism of additives in improving catalytic performance,and how to optimize the overall performance of catalysts by regulating the type and dosage of additives.Finally,the application status of methane dry reforming technology in industrial production is summarized,and the future development direction is proposed.

As the third largest greenhouse gas followed by CO₂ and CH₄,N₂O has been increasing year by year due to its inevitable generation and emission in the processes of ammonia oxidation in nitric acid production,SCR purification of NO_x,and ammonia combustion.Therefore,the purification and elimination of N₂O are particularly crucial.Direct catalytic decomposition has emerged as one of the most promising methods for reducing N₂O emissions due to its high efficiency and no secondary pollution.This article first provides a detailed review of the research progress of N₂O decomposition catalysts in recent years,reviewing the practical application and future development trends of N₂O high-temperature decomposition catalysts (two-stage catalysts) in the nitric acid production,focusing on the research trends of three major types of N₂O low-temperature decomposition catalysts,such as precious metal catalysts,Co-based oxide catalysts,and Co or Fe-based molecular sieve catalysts,and summarizing the advantages and disadvantages of these catalysts.In addition,a simple discussion is provided on the decomposition mechanism of N₂O on typical Co and Fe-based catalysts.Selective catalytic reduction as one of the main technological routes for elimination of N₂O is also compared using different reducing agents such as CO,H₂,alkanes,etc.Finally,it identifies existing issues in current catalytic systems and outlines future prospects for N₂O catalytic decomposition.

Excessive emissions of carbon dioxide have caused serious environmental problems,especially global warming and ocean acidification.The electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction reaction (CO₂RR) is one of the most promising methods for converting CO₂ into high-energy-density fuels or high-value chemicals. Because of their low cost and high selectivity for C₃ products,copper-based catalysts have garnered a lot of attention as efficient electrocatalysts for the reduction of carbon dioxide to multi-carbon compounds.This paper summarizes the research progress of copper-based catalysts for CO₂RR to generate C₃ products in recent years,including the reaction mechanism of CO₂RR to generate C₃ products,and improving the electroreduction performance of copper-based catalysts through structural regulation,surface regulation,bimetallic and other strategies.Finally,the key challenges and future research directions in this field are outlined to provide ideas for further development of highly active CO₂RR catalysts to generate C₃ products.

Propylene oxide (PO) is a crucial chemical raw material,and the selective direct oxidation of propylene to epoxypropane holds significant importance in the chemical industry.This study investigated the homogenous catalytic system utilizing acetylacetonate metal salts in the propylene epoxidation with cumene hydroperoxide (CHP) as the oxidant.Under optimized conditions of propylene (24 mmol),cobalt acetylacetonate (0.16 mol%),CHP (15 mmol),ethyl acetate as the solvent (20 mL),and a reaction temperature of 95 ℃ for 2 h,the experimental results yielded a propylene conversion rate of 5.2% and a selectivity for epoxypropane of 85.5%.Electron spin resonance experiments indicated that the presence of cobalt acetylacetonate effectively increased the concentration of peroxyl radicals,enhancing the epoxidation activity of CHP and improving the affinity between the active oxygen species of CHP and the C＝C bond of propylene.This results in a higher selectivity for the conversion of propylene to propylene oxide.

Taking ExxonMobil for example,this paper examined the patent application trends and technical routes for the related patents of metallocene polyethylene as cataloged in the Derwent patent database.By February 29,2024,ExxonMobil has submitted 175 patent applications related to metallocene polyethylene,including 59 in China.The analysis revealed that ExxonMobil has a comprehensive patent layout,including metallocene catalyst designs,polymerization processes,applications and modifications of metallocene polyethylene.The patent layout of ExxonMobil in China was basically consistent with that in the world.However,ExxonMobil emphasized catalyst design in its global layout,and payed more attention to application technology in its patent layout in China.Combined with the analyzed results above,some suggestions were given for domestic relevant enterprises and research institutions to deploy technical forces.

The rapid development of electric vehicles and energy storage industries has led to a sharp increase in lithium demand.In the process of oil and gas extraction in China,a large amount of lithium containing oilfield brine is generated,which has potential resource utilization value.And conducting research on lithium extraction technology from oilfield brine has enormous economic benefits.Selective adsorption method is a promising technology for lithium extraction from oilfield brine with good industrial application prospects.Lithium ion sieve materials are currently the main adsorbents for achieving selective lithium extraction,determining the economic and industrial feasibility of the adsorption and extraction process.The mechanism of lithium extraction,preparation method,forming technology and adsorption of lithium extraction by lithium ion screen materials were systematically reviewed,and the future research direction are summarized and prospected,providing certain technical reference for achieving efficient utilization of lithium resources in oilfield brine.

Propylene oxide (PO) is an important chemical intermediate mainly used in the production of various organic raw materials such as polyether polyols and propylene glycol,and is widely used in fields such as food and tobacco.The use of titanium silicon molecular sieve (TS-1) as a carrier to load metal gold as a catalyst for gas-phase epoxidation of propylene has broad industrial application prospects.This article mainly introduces the main factors and catalytic mechanism that affect Au/TS-1 catalyst,including the preparation method of the catalyst,gold particle size,and additives.The main preparation methods include immersion method,sedimentation precipitation method,solid grinding method,ionic liquid method,and colloid method,among which sedimentation precipitation method is currently the mainstream laboratory preparation method for catalysts.The main influence of gold particle size is reflected in the 2 nm gold catalytic effect,which is most favorable for the occurrence of propylene epoxidation reaction.The main additives are alkali metals Na and Cs,which can improve the catalytic performance of the catalyst.The Au/TS-1 catalyzed epoxidation of propylene mainly relies on the dual site synergistic catalysis of Au and Ti sites.How to prepare high-performance Au/TS-1 on a large scale is currently the main difficulty in the industrial application of propylene hydrogen phase epoxidation to produce propene oxide.

The mass hydrogen storage density of methanol is up to 12.5%,which can be used as a hydrogen energy carrier to realize the rapid release and utilization of hydrogen.Methanol reforming to produce hydrogen is an important means to realize the green production and efficient storage and transportation of hydrogen energy,and the catalyst is the key to realize this process.In this paper,the current research progress of Cu-based catalyst used for hydrogen production through methanol steam reforming is reviewed.Building upon existing studies,combing catalyst bulk optimization with microreactor is proposed to prepare a novel catalyst,which is expected to further overcome the defects of Cu-based catalyst and improve the comprehensive properties of catalyst,thus promoting the improvement of hydrogen yield and reduce CO selectivity,laying the foundation for the further development of hydrogen energy technology.

As a functional material,white carbon black has a broad application prospect in the traditional rubber,paint,toothpaste,pesticides and other fields,electronic materials,new energy,environmental protection materials and other emerging applications.The production of white carbon black in China has abundant raw material advantages,a large number of crops and industrial wastes as white carbon black is one of the main economic sources of white carbon black silicon source,which makes the production of white carbon black has low raw material price and high added value economic benefits.At present,the downstream consumption structure of the carbon black industry accounts for a relatively large tire,and the application economic value of highly dispersed carbon black is high,and the silicone industry has a strong market potential as one of the downstream industries.In this paper,six kinds of preparation methods of white carbon black (vapor phase white carbon black,precipitation white carbon black,microemulsion white carbon black,sol-gel white carbon black,rice husk and grain extraction white carbon black,non-metallic mineral extraction white carbon black) were reviewed.The preparation technology and research status of white carbon black were analyzed.The green preparation of white carbon black was summarized in detail,with the aim of providing theoretical guidance for solving the existing industrial pollutants.

Hydrogen energy,as a clean and renewable secondary energy source,is an important way to achieve “carbon peak and carbon neutrality”.Proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolysis for hydrogen production is one of the promising technologies to realize “zero carbon” emissions because of its high efficiency,compact and pollution-free characteristics.However,the high cost of PEM electrolysis water hydrogen production system has severely limited its large-scale commercial application.In this paper,the routes of water electrolysis for hydrogen production and the basic principle of PEM water electrolysis technology are reviewed,and then the development barriers of the PEM water electrolysis technology are emphasized,including the barriers of critical materials—precious metal iridium catalyst and proton exchange membrane,the core devices—bipolar plate and porous transport layer.The reduction direction and development potential of PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production technology are discussed,and its application prospect is also prospected.

In this paper,TiO₂ powder and UiO-66 were obtained by sol-gel method and solvothermal method respectively.Then UiO-66@TiO₂ composite photocatalyst was synthesized.Composite nano-photocatalyst UiO-66-NH₂@TiO₂ was prepared by solvothermal method using titanate(C₁₆H₃₆O₄Ti) as the Ti source,2-amino benzoic acid as the -NH₂ source,benzoic acid as crosslinker,and UiO-66 as the carrie.By in situ infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR),ultraviolet diffuse reflection (DRS),field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM),energy spectrum (EDS),N₂ adsorption-desorption,X-ray photoelectron energy spectrum (XPS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD),the structure,morphologe,shape of prepared TiO₂,UiO-66,UiO-66@TiO₂,UiO-66-NH₂ and UiO-66-NH₂@TiO₂ were characterized.Catalytic performance test was applied in photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange (MO) solutions.The test results showed that the degradation of 50 mL 5 mg·L^-1 MO solution in 160 min was 92.35% under the condition of 0.800 g UiO-66-NH₂@TiO₂,and pH=1.Therefore,it can be proved that UiO-66-NH₂@TiO₂ has high photocatalytic activity.

Epoxidation of olefin is an important part of industrial production of high value-added chemical monomers.Howere, traditional thermal catalytic methods not only consume a large amount of energy but also generate high carbon emission due to side reactions, resulting in poor economic benefits.The renewable green electricity drives the electrocatalytic epoxidation of olefin,which provides a new way to prepare high value-added epoxy intermediates in the industrial field.The research progress of electrocatalytic olefin epoxidation was reviewed,including different catalytic systems,catalytic mechanisms,influencing factors and strategies to improve catalytic performance.Finally,the existing problems and future development directions in this field were pointed out,hoping to provide some research references for the design of electrocatalysts,electrode materials and electrolyzers in olefin epoxidation system.

The catalytic hydrogenation of p-chloronitrobenzene to synthesize p-chloroaniline is an important organic chemical reaction,and the key to this catalytic reaction is to realize nitro hydrogenation and reduction without dechlorination.N-doped modified Pt_0.3/N_xC catalysts were prepared by an impregnation method,which showed that the metal-carrier interactions induced by N-doped activated carbon carriers improved the activity,selectivity and stability of the catalysts,while inhibiting the C—Cl bond breakage.Among them,the average particle size of Pt nanoparticles on the surface of the Pt_0.3/N_0.2C catalyst prepared by using a mass ratio of urea to activated carbon of 0.2 was the smallest and uniformly dispersed.The catalyst exhibited excellent conversion (100%),selectivity (99.0%) and reusability for the catalytic synthesis of p-chloroaniline from p-chloronitrobenzene hydrogenation at 50 ℃,0.5 MPa,and a reaction time of 90 min.

In order to improve the phenomenon of micro-pores caused by water evaporation in the film forming process of epoxy acrylate emulsion,four different oxidized polyethylene waxes XW-17,XE-16,PED522 and 629A were used to modify the epoxy emulsion.Due to the high melting point of oxidized polyethylene wax,it was used as a functional monomer to modify epoxy acrylate,and its optimal amount was studied.Finally,epoxy emulsion was prepared by soap-free core-shell emulsion polymerization.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) confirmed that oxidized polyethylene wax was successfully introduced into epoxy acrylate.The optimum addition amount of oxidized polyethylene wax was determined by cross-linking degree and water absorption.The microstructure of emulsion before and after modification was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).Thermal weight (TGA),static water contact angle and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to test the emulsion dry film before and after modification.The results showed that the addition of oxidized polyethylene wax could improve the thermal properties and roughness of the emulsion dry film,but did not change the hydrophilicity of the emulsion dry film.The optimum addition amount of oxidized polyethylene wax to modified epoxy acrylate was mass fraction of 0.3%,and the modified emulsion with 629A had the best performance.

Pyrite (FeS₂) is an inexpensive and widely available natural iron sulfide mineral that shows great potential for organic pollutant degradation.However,its easily oxidizable nature leads to the formation of oxidized pyrite whose catalytic activity is to be explored deeply.In this study,we explored the perf-ormance of pyrite in the catalytic degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) in water in a heterogeneous Fenton system.The effects of catalyst dosage,H₂O₂ concentration,pH value,anion and humic acid on the degradation of RhB were investigated.The results showed that the degradation of RhB solution was 96.5% in 20 min under the conditions of catalyst dosage of 0.5 g·L^-1,H₂O₂ concentration of 4.0 mmol·L^-1 and reaction temperature of 25 ℃.It was adaptable in a wide pH value of 3~9 and effectively resisted the effects of inorganic anions and humic acids in the water column.

Cu-Zn-Al-Mg methanol synthesis catalyst was prepared by co-precipitation method.The effect of calcination temperatures on its selectivity and activity were investigated and the catalysts were characterized by XRD,N₂ low-temperature adsorption,TG-DTG and H₂-TPR.The results showed that the catalyst precursor was incomplete decomposition at 250 ℃; when the calcination temperature was (300~350) ℃,the catalyst had the appropriate size of copper oxide crystalline,the catalyst had good selectivity and the best CO conversion; when the calcination temperature was 450 ℃,the copper oxide crystalline size was too big,although the selectivity of catalyst was the best (the liquid phase ethanol content was the lowest),but the CO conversion of the catalyst was the worst.

Dimethyl 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylate(DMCD) is an important intermediate for the preparation of polyester monomer 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol(CHDM).The research progress in aspects such as the reaction mechanism,catalyst types and reaction process of hydrogenation of dimethyl terephthalate(DMT) to produce DMCD is reviewed.The discussion focuses on the process of DMT hydrogenation and the performance of catalysts with different active centers(Pd,Ru,Ni and bimetallic).Finally,the prospects of the future development in catalysts and processes of hydrogenation of DMT is proposed.

Co-Ti/Hβ zeolite was prepared by ion exchange method,and characterized by X-ray diffraction,N₂ adsorption and desorption,FT-IR and NH₃-TPD.The activity and regenerability of the catalyst prepared in this paper were systematically evaluated by applying oxygen as the oxidant in the reaction of epoxidation of styrene to ethylene oxide.The results showed that most of the supported Ti and Co metals were scattered on the surface of the zeolite,and the skeleton structure of the β zeolite was not damaged,and the modification of Co and Ti could effectively reduce the acid content of the zeolite.When the loading of cobalt and titanium reached 3%,the conversion rate of styrene reached 92.1% and the selectivity of ethylene oxide reached 83.2%.When using 3%Co-3%Ti/Hβ catalyst,the most optimal reaction temperature was 90 ℃,the most optimal reaction time was 4 h,and the most optimal oxygen flow rate was 30 mL·min^-1.After repeated evaluation of the catalyst five times under optimal condition,the catalyst could still maintained good activity,and the conversion rate and selectivity could reached 90.1% and 82.3% respectively.

Research progress on catalysts of 4-tertbutylphenol via alkylation of phenol was outlined,and solid acid catalyst,supported solid acid catalysts,resin catalysts and molecular sieve catalysts in the application of 4-tertbutylphenol alkylation were introduced.It was pointed out that the development of catalytic performance and environment friendly alkylation catalysts was the future of 4-tertbutylphenol industrialization research direction.

At present,the application of traditional commercial SCR catalysts in the thermal power denitrification industry is relatively mature,but the flue gas temperature is low and components are complex in non-electric industries including glass,cement,steel,and waste incineration,the operating life of denitrification catalysts is generally short.This is because the operating conditions of non-electric industries are special,and the flue gas contains a large amount of SO₂,H₂O,heavy metals,alkali (earth) metals,dust and metal salts,which lead to catalyst deactivation.Researchers study the mechanisms of catalyst poisoning and waste catalysts regeneration methods to improve the operational life of low-temperature catalysts.This article analyzes the poisoning mechanism and deactivation reasons of low-temperature catalysts,and summarizes the methods for anti-poisoning and resource utilization for deactivation catalyst.

The main research and current situation of acetonitrile synthesis in industry are reviewed.Firstly,the industrial application and market scale of acetonitrile are introduced.Secondly,different process paths,catalysts and their industrial applications are summarized,as well as main manufacture factories.The advantages of ethanol ammonia dehydrogenation method are analyzed based on the current trend of industrialization of coal-based ethanol in China.The new research direction of acetonitrile synthesis from ethanol is described in detail,and the catalytic reaction mechanism and research progress of ethanol ammonia dehydrogenation process catalyzed by Cu and Co based catalysts are summarized.Finally,the research direction of catalytic system of this technical route is prospected in combination with the research progress of the author's research group.

As a representative of advanced oxidation processes,electro-Fenton (EF) technology has attracted extensive attention in the removal of organic pollutants due to its safety,simplicity of operation,and environmental friendliness.However,transition metal-based catalysts in advanced oxidation technologies still face problems such as low selectivity,narrow pH applicability range,and high economic costs.Moreover,there is still a lack of in-depth understanding of the regulation mechanism of transition metal-based materials.This paper reviews the research progress on EF technology in the treatment of organic wastewater in recent years,analyzes the reaction mechanism of 2e^- oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) generating H₂O₂ and the activation of H₂O₂ at the solution/catalyst interface to form ·OH in the EF reaction,and discusses the preparation of EF cathode catalysts,the influencing factors of catalytic performance,and the development of multifunctional catalysts.At the same time,in order to solve the inherent problems such as mass transfer limitations,intermittent operation,and insufficient energy utilization,the coupling and synergistic reaction systems of EF technology with other technologies are further discussed.It is expected to provide certain references for the design of EF catalysts and the exploration of EF coupling technologies.

By adding silane reagent to intervene in the crystallization process of TS-1,the directional aggregation of nanocrystalline grains was achieved,and thus continuous and dense titanium-silicon molecular sieve membranes were prepared by bridging on micrometer-sized spherical carriers.Its structure was characterized by various analytical methods(SEM,XRD,FT-IR and UV-Vis),and its catalytic activity for the direct epoxidation reaction of chloropropene was examined.The experimental results showed that the TS-1 titanium-silicon molecular sieve spherical membranes prepared by the bridging method had higher homogeneity and densification,which improved the stability of the membrane layer during the epoxidation reaction.The selectivity of chloropropylene oxide,the yield of chloropropylene oxide,the conversion of H₂O₂,and the effective utilization efficiency of H₂O₂ reached 95.61%,86.93%,97.54%,and 93.21%,respectively.And there was no obvious decrease in the reaction activity after three cycle experiments.The TS-1 titanium-silicon molecular sieve membrane prepared by the bridging method is easy to be recycled and can be reused while maintaining its catalytic performance.

Ethylene oxide (EO) is a pivotal derivative in the ethylene industry,which is next to polyethylene in importance.Silver (Ag)-based catalysts exhibit exceptional performance in the epoxidation of ethylene to EO.The RS-891 catalyst,synthesized via the impregnation method,was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD),scanning electron microscopy (SEM),mercury intrusion porosimetry,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS),and oxygen temperature-programmed desorption (O₂-TPD) to elucidate its structural and chemical properties.The catalytic performance of RS-891 in the epoxidation of ethylene to produce EO was systematically evaluated.The results demonstrate that the α-Al₂O₃ support utilized in the RS-891 catalyst possesses a lamellar structure with an interlocking configuration,which enhances the mechanical strength of the support and promotes the uniform dispersion of silver nanoparticles.This structural feature effectively mitigates nanoparticle aggregation,thereby extending the operational lifespan of the catalyst.Laboratory evaluations conducted over 1 500 h,corroborated by industrial operational data,indicate that the RS-891 catalyst achieves an EO selectivity exceeding 88% after 100 h of operation,with a consistent upward trend in selectivity thereafter.Once selectivity surpasses 88%,the catalyst maintains stable and reliable performance,ensuring high catalytic efficiency.The close alignment between industrial application data and laboratory results underscores the exceptional stability of the RS-891 catalyst,highlighting its significant potential for industrial applications and substantial economic value.

Metal-organic frameworks materials(MOFs) have garnered significant attention in energy conversion and environmental catalysis due to their high porosity,tunable structures and multi-functionality.As a typical representative of zirconium-based MOFs,UiO-66 has attracted significant attention in the research of functional MOFs in recent years due to its unique zirconium oxide cluster structure,which demonstrates excellent thermal stability,chemical stability and structural modifability.Benefiting from its highly ordered crystalline structure and diverse modification strategies,functionalized UiO-66 has shown great application potential in electrocatalytic reactions.This paper systematically summarizes the synthesis methods,performance optimization strategies of UiO-66 and its application progress in the field of electrocatalysis,points out the challenges faced by UiO-66 material research at the present stage and the future research focus directions,in order to promote the practical application of UiO-66 in the fields of energy and environment.

A series of tungstovanadophosphoric heteropolyacid catalysts H₄PW₁₁VO₄₀,H₅PW₁₀V₂O₄₀,H₆PW₉V₃O₄₀ and H₆P₂W₁₈O₆₂ were prepared by conventional aqueous solution and ether extraction methods.And the structures of tungstovanadophosphoric heteropolyacid catalysts were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR).The tungstovanadophosphoric heteropolyacid catalysts were used in the catalytic synthesis of tributyl citrate,and the effects of different heteropolyacid structures,reaction temperature,alcohol/acid molar ratio,catalyst dosage on the esterification of tributyl citrate were investigated.The results showed that H₆P₂W₁₈O₆₂ had the highest catalytic activity,and the average esterification of tributyl citrate could reach up to 95.9% when reaction temperature was 150 ℃,alcohol/acid molar ratio was 4∶1,and catalyst dosage was 0.15 g.

The coal char and methane-carbon dioxide co-conversion reaction characteristics were investigated in a thermogravimetric reactor.The effects of reaction temperature the flow rate ratio of methane to carbon dioxide on the methane, carbon dioxide conversion, hydrogen and carbon monoxide yields were examined.The results show that during the co-conversion process,the methane conversion increases with the rise of reaction temperature,while the coal char carbon conversion increases firstly and then decreases with the rise of temperature.The methane and coal char carbon conversion decrease with the increase of methane concentration.Methane and hydrogen play different roles in carbon gasification.Methane has a hindering effect,while carbon dioxide has a promoting effect.Within the range studied,the conversion reaction conditions can be used to adjust the H₂/CO ratio in the product gas and better meet the requirements of subsequent process.

In this study,a series of supported perovskite composite oxide nCuO/L {a_{1-}}_xA_xMnO₃ catalysts were prepared by co-precipitation impregnation method for the preferred oxidation of CO in hydrogen-rich gas.The effects of the doping amount of the substituted A-site element Sr²⁺ and the loading of the active component CuO on the performance of the nCuO/L {a_{1-}}_xA_xMnO₃ catalyst were systematically investigated.We also analyzed the impact of the structural performance of the catalyst on the catalytic activity by means of XRD,BET,H₂-TPR.The results showed that when the doping amount of Sr²⁺ was 0.3 and the loading of single-metal CuO was 1.0,the prepared 1.0CuO/La_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃ catalyst had the best CO priority oxidation activity.At the reaction temperature of 135 ℃,CO could be completely converted and the selectivity was 100%.

The coal-to-ethylene glycol industry in China has developed rapidly,mainly adopting the oxalate ester synthesis process.However,the methyl nitrite (MN) and NO_x emitted from the ethylene glycol tail gas unit of this process are harmful to health.The treatment of NO_x in the tail gas of ethylene glycol produced by the synthesis of oxalate esters using H₂ as the reducing agent through selective catalytic reduction (H₂-SCR) was studied.Pt-based catalysts were prepared by impregnation method using CeO₂,TiO₂,Al₂O₃,SiO₂,ZSM-5,ZnO,MoC and activated carbon as carriers respectively,and their denitrification performance under different temperatures,pressures and space velocities were investigated.The results showed that under the conditions of catalyst loading volume of 15 mL and a volume content of NO and CO in the feedstock gas of 8%,when the TMN-5 catalyst operates at reaction temperature of 220~260 ℃,pressure of 0.1~0.4 MPa,and space velocity of 300~1 000 h^-1,the contents of NO,NO_x,CO,and CH₄ in the exhaust gas all meet the national emission standards.Moreover,the catalyst has good stability in 500 h long-term operation and at high temperature of 500 ℃.

Using waste lubricating oil as the feedstock,the effects of reaction temperatures on the hydroconversion characteristics,product distributions and properties were investigated with oil-soluble Mo-based catalysts and solid Fe-based catalysts.The results showed that the hydroconversion products of waste lubricating oil with reaction temperature are similar under two different catalysts.As the reaction temperature increased,the heavy oil conversion in waste lubricating oil significantly improved,primarily generating C₆-C₁₂ naphtha fractions and C₁₂-C₂₅ diesel fractions.At a reaction temperature of 450 ℃,the heavy oil was completely converted,with the combined yield of light oil reaching 92.35%.The content of impurity elements S,N,and O in the liquid products significantly decreased,while the H/C atomic ratio increased.The content of aliphatic hydrocarbons decreased,and the content of aromatic hydrocarbons slightly increased.Additionally,macromolecular hydrocarbons underwent polycondensation reactions on the surface of the solid products,forming micron to submicron spherical particles.

A series of catalysts for aromatic nitro hydrogenation were prepared by hot feed method under different conditions.The catalysts were characterized by XRD,N₂ low temperature adsorption-desorption,H₂-TPR,ICP-MS,H₂-chemisorption and particle size distribution,and the catalytic hydrogenation performance of the catalyst for nitrobenzamide derivatives was investigated in a high pressure fixed bed reactor.The results showed that the optimized catalyst,which had large specific surfaces area and good metal dispersion,can be obtained with the temperature at 60 ℃ and pH value at 7.5.The nickel species in the catalyst owned excellent reducibility and good reaction performance.When the reaction temperature,the pressure,the liquid space-time velocity and the hydrogen/oil ratio were respectively controlled at 95 ℃,1 MPa,2.25 h^-1 and 10,the reactants conversion rate was up to 100% and the selectivity was 99.9%.The catalyst under this preparation condition was successfully scaled up to hundreds of kilograms and demonstrated excellent activity during a long-term evaluation process of 1 000 h.This study aimed to provide some references and feasibility for the industrialization of aromatic nitro hydrogenation catalyst.

Dimethyl 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylate(DMCD) serves as a crucial pharmaceutical intermediate for synthesizing diverse drugs and constitutes an important raw material for polyester production.Ru/Al₂O₃ catalysts were synthesized using Ru as the active center and Al₂O₃ as the support,employing two distinct methods:the impregnation method and the deposition-precipitation method.These catalysts were applied to the selective hydrogenation of dimethyl terephthalate(DMT) to produce DMCD.The catalysts were characterized by XRD,CO₂-TPD,TEM and H₂-TPR.High-performance liquid chromatography was utilized for the quantitative analysis of DMT conversion efficiency and DMCD yield.The results demonstrate that the 3%Ru/Al₂O₃ catalyst prepared via the deposition-precipitation method exhibited superior catalytic performance and stability under the following optimal conditions:a DMT to 3%Ru/Al₂O₃ mass ratio of 10∶1,a reduction temperature of 300 ℃,a calcination temperature of 300 ℃,a reaction temperature of 150 ℃,and a reaction time of 2 hours.Under these conditions,DMT conversion exceeded 99%,and the DMCD yield surpassed 92%.Compared to a commercial Ru/C catalyst,the Ru/Al₂O₃ catalyst displayed faster sedimentation in the product mixture,facilitating easier separation.Furthermore,its catalytic efficiency showed almost no change after five consecutive reaction cycles.

Layered bimetallic hydroxide (LDH) has become an excellent candidate material for water electrolysis catalyst due to its unique layered structure.Nickel-cobalt layered bimetallic hydroxide (NiCo-LDH) was in-situ constructed on 3D printed nickel mesh (3D-NM) by electrodeposition method,and the regulation of the bimetallic nickel-cobalt ratio on the morphology and electrocatalytic oxygen evolution performance of the bimetallic layered hydroxide (NiCo-LDH) was investigated.When the ratio of Ni∶Co is 1∶1,NiCo-LDH nanosheets exhibit the best oxygen evolution activity,the required overpotential at 10 mA·cm^-2 current density is only 230 mV,the Tafel slope is 103.3 mV·dec^-1,and the nanosheets have a large electrochemically active surface area.The catalyst also showed excellent catalytic stability during a 30 h test.This excellent oxygen evolution activity can be attributed to the abundant electrochemical active sites provided by NiCo-LDH nanosheets and the good charge transport capacity,which together promote the effective charge/electron transfer,thus significantly improving the efficiency of water electrolysis.This study provides a new way for high throughput preparation and optimization of layered bimetallic hydroxide electrocatalysts.

Suzuki cross-coupling reaction is a powerful route to construct C—C bond in fine-chemical synthesis.Developing a high efficient method to promote the performance of palladium-based catalyst in Suzuki coupling reaction is of great significance.In this article,a series of catalysts modified by 2,6-diaminopyridine(DAP),Pd(OH)₂/FCN-D-X,are prepared successfully by pre adsorbing DAP molecule onto the surface of the flower-like carbon nanosheets(FCN) through physical adsorption and then loading the Pd active component.It was found that the activities and stabilities of Pd(OH)₂/FCN-D-X in Suzuki coupling reaction are higher than that of the unmodified one,Pd(OH)₂/FCN.The characterization results of X-ray diffraction (XRD),scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed that the existence of DAP within the catalyst enhanced the dispersion of Pd species and improved the distribution of valence states of Pd leading to high performance of Pd(OH)₂/FCN-D-X catalysts.

A fully automatic calcination system based on a mesh belt kiln was designed to address the characteristics of strong fluidity,easy spillage,and easy breakage of solid spherical catalysts.The structure and operation process of fully automatic roasting system were introduced,and the industrial application of the 5A molecular sieve solid spherical catalyst was carried out.Industrial applications showed that when using a fully automated roasting system to produce 5A molecular sieve solid spherical catalysts,the yield increased by 42.0%,energy consumption decreased by 25.05%,yield increased by 5.41%,and the crushing and wear rates could be steadily controlled at a low level.After roasting,the product exhibited stable burn off,significantly increased the adsorption capacity of the target substance X,improved roasting uniformity,and significantly reduced the number of operating labor,achieved the goal of improving quality,reducing costs,and increasing efficiency.

Beta zeolite were synthesized by the crystal-template agent hydrothermal method and modified by impregnation with rare earth metal Ce and transition metal Cr.The performance of their catalytic synthesis of ethyl levulonate(EL) was investigated.The results showed that the total acid content of the modified samples increased significantly.Under the conditions of n(acid)∶n(alcohol)=2∶3,temperature 150 ℃,catalyst amount of 6% by mass of acetopropionic acid,stirring rate 200 r·min^-1 and reaction for 5 h,the esterification efficiencies of Hβ-7%Ce and Hβ-3%Cr were better than those before modification,and the EL yields were 96.93% and 97.69%,respectively,while also demonstrating excellent regeneration performance.

Using Al₂O₃ as the support,RS-180 catalyst was prepared via the impregnation method and characterized by XRD,SEM,and mercury intrusion porosimetry to evaluate its performance in ethylene epoxidation to produce ethylene oxide.Results showed that α-Al₂O₃ exhibited a lamellar morphology with an innovative “interlocking” structure,enhancing the dispersion of silver nanoparticles.The catalyst achieved an ethylene oxide selectivity of 88% after 700 h of operation,with a stable upward trend,reaching 89% after 900 h,maintaining consistent performance.This provides reliable technical support for efficient ethylene oxide production and the stable development of downstream industries,promising to drive optimization and upgrading of the ethylene oxide industrial chain.

Although the removal technologies for single pollutants such as nitrogen oxides(NO_x) and chlorobenzene have become relatively mature,research on their synergistic removal remains scarce.This paper reviews the catalytic removal technologies of NO_x and chlorobenzene,with particular emphasis on the significance of synergistic catalytic technology in enhancing removal efficiency,reducing energy consumption and costs,providing a theoretical basis for the development of new and highly efficient catalysts.The influence of different metal oxides on catalyst performance is further discussed in detail.Finally,it was emphasized that future research needs to achieve breakthroughs in enhancing the performance,stability and selectivity of by-products of catalysts,and develop more efficient,economical and environmentally friendly pollution control technologies.

As a kind of non-CO₂ greenhouse gases,hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) have a global warming potential (GWP) ranging from hundreds to tens of thousands of times higher than that of CO₂.Consequently,it is urgent to develop effective emission reduction measures to mitigate HFCs emissions.However,direct elimination methods fail to fully recover and utilize the valuable fluorine (F) resources contained in HFCs.As fourth-generation refrigerants,hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs) are characterized by shorter atmospheric lifetime and significantly lower GWP,making them superior alternatives to HFCs.Simultaneously,HFOs serve as critical feedstocks for high-value fluorochemical products,including fluorinated electronic chemicals and fluoropolymers.The gas-solid phase catalytic dehydrofluorination (DHF) process,which converts HFCs into environmentally friendly HFOs,represents the most promising approach.The success of this technology hinges on catalyst development.Current research focuses on four catalyst categories: non-metal catalysts (e.g.,activated carbon-based materials) offer low-cost advantages but suffer from poor regeneration efficiency and stability.Cr-based catalysts demonstrate exceptional dehydrofluorination activity but face environmental concerns due to excessive acidity and potential Cr leaching.Mg-based catalysts show high selectivity,though their complex synthesis processes hinder scalability.Al-based catalysts stand out for their tunable acidity,environmental benignity,and balanced performance,making them the current research priority.Future advancements should prioritize catalyst design with optimized acidity,hierarchical porosity,and enhanced resistance to coking,aiming to achieve high activity,longevity,and industrial applicability to effectively promote the control of HFCs emissions and their resource utilization.