The large amount of waste plastics produced by human activities has brought serious pollution to the air,soil and sea in all fields.And even microplastics in the environment enter the human body through biological circulation,causing great harm to human health.According to the current recycling status of waste plastics,the research progress on several chemical recycling methods and new recycling processes for chemical recycling of waste plastics with sustainable development prospects were reviewed, mainly including solvolysis,hydrogenolysis,photocatalytic degradation.The catalytic degradation methods adapted to different types of waste plastics and the important role of various catalysts in the catalytic degradation reaction were summarized.And the catalytic efficiency of the main current catalysts was compared to provides a theoretical basis for the selection of effective catalysts and methods for the efficient degradation of waste plastics.

This paper discusses the reaction mechanism of methane dry reforming (DRM),including the microscopic mechanism of the key steps and the main factors affecting the reaction path.The properties and characteristics of various catalysts used for DRM,including metal oxide and metal carbide as support catalysts,and precious metal and Fe,Co,Ni as active component,are comprehensively evaluated,and their advantages and disadvantages in catalytic activity,selectivity and stability are analyzed.In addition,this paper also focuses on the mechanism of additives in improving catalytic performance,and how to optimize the overall performance of catalysts by regulating the type and dosage of additives.Finally,the application status of methane dry reforming technology in industrial production is summarized,and the future development direction is proposed.

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell,as a new type of energy conversion device with high energy density,friendly environment,fast starting speed rate at room temperature and long life,is the first choice of automobile power new energy battery.The catalyst is the key factor affecting the activation polarization of proton exchange membrane fuel cells.In this study,mass fraction of 50%Pt/C catalyst was prepared by using acetophenone semicarbazone as modifier and tetrammineplatinum chloride as active component.The preferred catalyst has a specific mass activity of 217.64 mA·mg^-1 and an electrochemical active area of 87.63 m²·g^-1 for electrochemical activity test.After 30 000 cycles of durability test,the specific mass activity and the electrochemical active area have only declined by 11.57% and 15.63%,respectively.

As a new large-scale energy storage technology,all vanadium redox flow battery has the advantages of high safety,adjustable power and capacity,long life,recyclable electrolyte and environment-friendly,but the solubility of vanadium ions in electrolytes is poor,which limits its large-scale application.The preparation of high concentration and high stability electrolyte is one of the key technologies of all vanadium redox flow battery.In this paper,the preparation method,concentration analysis and performance optimization of the electrolyte are introduced.

The study of carbon dioxide(CO₂) hydrogenation to methanol is significant for China to alleviate the energy pressure and achieve carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.In this reaction,the design and optimization of the catalyst are the essential elements in determining the CO₂ conversion and methanol selectivity.Alloy catalysts show extraordinary potential in promoting CO₂ activation and hydrogenation process due to their unique electronic structure and geometrical configuration.This review comprehensively surveys the advancements in solid-solution alloys and intermetallics,particularly Cu-based,In-based,Ga-based,and other emerging alloy systems,for heterogeneous catalysis of CO₂ hydrogenation to methanol.This paper also analyzes the current research strategies and ideas.It looks forward to the potential future directions and applications of alloy catalysts,aiming to provide valuable insights for researchers in related fields.

Polyoxometalates(POMs),as a type of multinuclear coordination polymer,have found extensive applications in catalysis,adsorption,and electrochemistry due to their unique structures and excellent physicochemical properties.However,the solubility of POMs in polar solvents has limited their application scope.To address this issue,researchers have developed POM-based composites.This review summarizes the latest research progress of POMs-based composites in the fields of biomass conversion,pollutant treatment,and electrochemistry.Studies have shown that these composites exhibit significant advantages in enhancing catalyst stability,promoting the transformation of biomass macromolecules,improving the efficiency of wastewater treatment and gas purification,and improving electrochemical performance.These achievements not only overcome the problem of POMs’ solubility but also provide new ideas and directions for technological innovation and applications in related fields.

Residual oil hydrogenation technology is an important means of light utilization of heavy oil.Under the background of increasingly heavy and inferior heavy oil raw materials,residuum hydrogenation technology is mainly faced with high cost,short plant operation cycle,equipment engineering and process operation difficulties.The development and application of fixed bed,boiling bed,slurry bed and combined residual oil hydrogenation technology are reviewed.Upflow and combined residuum hydrogenation technology may become the mainstream technologies in the future development to meet the needs of deep conversion of heavy oil,improve liquid yield and clean production,and assist the product structure transformation of refining enterprises to improve the market adaptability of refineries.

The hydrogenation of unsaturated compound is an important process of chemical processing that is widely used in the fields of oil refining,medicine,flavor,and so on.Heterogeneous catalytic reactions with porous organic polymers(POPs) as catalyst supporters possess the advantages of recyclable catalysts and mild reaction condition.The recent progress of POPs in olefins hydrogenation,alkyne hydrogenation,aldehyde-ketone hydrogenation,aromatic ring substitution hydrogenation and CO₂ hydrogenation was summ-arized.The challenges and future development directions were also put forward.

Methylphenol is an important fine chemical intermediate,widely used in new materials,medicine,pesticides,spices,additives and other fields.The alkylation reaction of phenol and methanol has the advantages of high efficiency,environmental friendliness and high product purity,which is the most economical production process of methyl phenol.The reaction is divided into liquid phase and gas phase.The liquid phase reaction is mainly carried out in the kettle reactor,while the gas phase reaction is mainly carried out in the fixed bed reactor.The catalyst can be divided into oxide and molecular sieve systems.The multi-component composite oxide catalyst has ideal reaction performance and high ortho-selectivity,but the reaction temperature is high.Molecular sieve catalyst has certain advantages in shape selection,but it is easy to accumulate carbon and deactivate.The acid-alkalinity of the catalyst is an important index,and their synergistic effect directly affects the selectivity of C-alkylation,otherwise it will increase the selectivity of side reactions such as O-alkylation products.In order to meet the demand for high-performance products in the fields of new materials and electronic chemicals,it is still necessary to further develop high-performance phenol methylation catalysts to improve the competitiveness of related industries.

As the third largest greenhouse gas followed by CO₂ and CH₄,N₂O has been increasing year by year due to its inevitable generation and emission in the processes of ammonia oxidation in nitric acid production,SCR purification of NO_x,and ammonia combustion.Therefore,the purification and elimination of N₂O are particularly crucial.Direct catalytic decomposition has emerged as one of the most promising methods for reducing N₂O emissions due to its high efficiency and no secondary pollution.This article first provides a detailed review of the research progress of N₂O decomposition catalysts in recent years,reviewing the practical application and future development trends of N₂O high-temperature decomposition catalysts (two-stage catalysts) in the nitric acid production,focusing on the research trends of three major types of N₂O low-temperature decomposition catalysts,such as precious metal catalysts,Co-based oxide catalysts,and Co or Fe-based molecular sieve catalysts,and summarizing the advantages and disadvantages of these catalysts.In addition,a simple discussion is provided on the decomposition mechanism of N₂O on typical Co and Fe-based catalysts.Selective catalytic reduction as one of the main technological routes for elimination of N₂O is also compared using different reducing agents such as CO,H₂,alkanes,etc.Finally,it identifies existing issues in current catalytic systems and outlines future prospects for N₂O catalytic decomposition.

On the basis of ZrO₂ catalyst doped with Si and La,this article introduces the pore forming agent polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA) in different ways to regulate the acidity,alkalinity and pore properties of the catalyst,and improve the conversion and selectivity of the gas-phase selective dehydration of 1,4-butanediol(BDO) to prepare 3-buten-1-ol.Through X-ray diffraction(XRD) for phase analysis,and characterization results such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),NH₃ temperature programmed adsorption(NH₃-TPD),and CO₂ temperature programmed adsorption(CO₂-TPD),it can be seen that the pore forming agent PMMA can significantly improve the dispersion of Si and La elements,thereby enhancing the acidity and alkalinity of the corresponding catalyst.At the same time,characterization results such as N₂ physical adsorption-desorption curves and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) showed that the pore forming agent PMMA changed the microstructure of the catalyst,improved its performance,especially ZrO₂-DPM catalyst,and ultimately achieved a conversion of 85.36% for 1,4-butanediol and a selectivity of 64.56% for 3-buten-1-ol.

This review summarizes the catalytic properties and the challenges associated with carbon accumulation in four reforming reactions:dry reforming of methane (DRM),steam reforming of methane (SRM),partial oxidation of methane (POM),and autothermal reforming of methane (ATR).It emphasizes the research advancements aimed at mitigating catalyst deactivation and carbon accumulation.Catalyst performance varies among the different reforming reactions,influenced by specific reaction conditions and catalyst composition.The existing solutions are classified into three strategies:(1) utilizing alkaline carrier materials or bimetallic catalysts to minimize carbon deposition and enhance catalyst stability;(2) employing noble metal catalysts to improve stability and carbon resistance,while optimizing non-precious metal catalysts through precise control of reaction conditions and formulations;and (3) designing multi-phase catalyst systems or catalysts with anti-sintering properties to extend catalyst lifespan and enhance reaction efficiency

Propylene oxide (PO) is an important chemical intermediate mainly used in the production of various organic raw materials such as polyether polyols and propylene glycol,and is widely used in fields such as food and tobacco.The use of titanium silicon molecular sieve (TS-1) as a carrier to load metal gold as a catalyst for gas-phase epoxidation of propylene has broad industrial application prospects.This article mainly introduces the main factors and catalytic mechanism that affect Au/TS-1 catalyst,including the preparation method of the catalyst,gold particle size,and additives.The main preparation methods include immersion method,sedimentation precipitation method,solid grinding method,ionic liquid method,and colloid method,among which sedimentation precipitation method is currently the mainstream laboratory preparation method for catalysts.The main influence of gold particle size is reflected in the 2 nm gold catalytic effect,which is most favorable for the occurrence of propylene epoxidation reaction.The main additives are alkali metals Na and Cs,which can improve the catalytic performance of the catalyst.The Au/TS-1 catalyzed epoxidation of propylene mainly relies on the dual site synergistic catalysis of Au and Ti sites.How to prepare high-performance Au/TS-1 on a large scale is currently the main difficulty in the industrial application of propylene hydrogen phase epoxidation to produce propene oxide.

Selective hydrogenation of acetylene is a key technology for removing trace acetylene impurities in the refining process of ethylene.The core challenge lies in developing a catalyst system that combines high activity,high ethylene selectivity,and long-term stability.This paper systematically reviews the research progress of palladium-based,gold-based,nickel-based,and copper-based catalysts in recent years,focusing on the effects of nanosizing of active components,bimetallic synergistic effects,carrier interface regulation,novel preparation methods,and additive modification on catalyst performance.Further,it summarizes the deactivation mechanisms of catalysts and anti-carbon deposition strategies,and proposes that future hydrogenation catalysts should focus on the development trends of enhanced low-temperature activity,high dispersion of active components,and long-term stability,providing theoretical guidance for the large-scale preparation of efficient,stable,and low-cost industrial catalysts.

Propylene oxide (PO) is a crucial chemical raw material,and the selective direct oxidation of propylene to epoxypropane holds significant importance in the chemical industry.This study investigated the homogenous catalytic system utilizing acetylacetonate metal salts in the propylene epoxidation with cumene hydroperoxide (CHP) as the oxidant.Under optimized conditions of propylene (24 mmol),cobalt acetylacetonate (0.16 mol%),CHP (15 mmol),ethyl acetate as the solvent (20 mL),and a reaction temperature of 95 ℃ for 2 h,the experimental results yielded a propylene conversion rate of 5.2% and a selectivity for epoxypropane of 85.5%.Electron spin resonance experiments indicated that the presence of cobalt acetylacetonate effectively increased the concentration of peroxyl radicals,enhancing the epoxidation activity of CHP and improving the affinity between the active oxygen species of CHP and the C＝C bond of propylene.This results in a higher selectivity for the conversion of propylene to propylene oxide.

Liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHCs) are recognized as excellent long-distance and large-scale hydrogen storage and transportation mediums due to their high hydrogen storage capacity,environmental friendliness,safety,and efficiency.The methylcyclohexane-toluene (MCH-TOL) hydrogen storage system has become an important research direction in the field of hydrogen energy due to its reversibility,high hydrogen storage density (6.16%),and relatively low toxicity.However,the lack of efficient dehydrogenation catalysts poses a bottleneck for industrial application,especially for non-precious metal catalysts,which face challenges such as high reaction temperatures,low selectivity,and poor stability.Designing stable,efficient,and cost-effective dehydrogenation catalysts is crucial to address this issue.This review summarizes the advantages of organic liquid hydrogen storage technology and the current research status of MCH dehydrogenation catalysts.It discusses the design strategies for precious metal Pt-based and non-precious metal Ni-based catalysts from five aspects:metal alloying,addition of promoters,optimization of catalyst supports,addition of surface promoters,and the synergistic effects of new technologies like microwave and electric fields on catalysts.In the future,mixed oxides loaded with multiple active centers as catalysts,particularly Ni-based catalysts with multi-metal synergistic effects to replace Pt-based catalysts,combined with auxiliary methods like microwaves and electric fields,will be the focus of dehydrogenation catalyst research.

Excessive emissions of carbon dioxide have caused serious environmental problems,especially global warming and ocean acidification.The electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction reaction (CO₂RR) is one of the most promising methods for converting CO₂ into high-energy-density fuels or high-value chemicals. Because of their low cost and high selectivity for C₃ products,copper-based catalysts have garnered a lot of attention as efficient electrocatalysts for the reduction of carbon dioxide to multi-carbon compounds.This paper summarizes the research progress of copper-based catalysts for CO₂RR to generate C₃ products in recent years,including the reaction mechanism of CO₂RR to generate C₃ products,and improving the electroreduction performance of copper-based catalysts through structural regulation,surface regulation,bimetallic and other strategies.Finally,the key challenges and future research directions in this field are outlined to provide ideas for further development of highly active CO₂RR catalysts to generate C₃ products.

The rapid development of electric vehicles and energy storage industries has led to a sharp increase in lithium demand.In the process of oil and gas extraction in China,a large amount of lithium containing oilfield brine is generated,which has potential resource utilization value.And conducting research on lithium extraction technology from oilfield brine has enormous economic benefits.Selective adsorption method is a promising technology for lithium extraction from oilfield brine with good industrial application prospects.Lithium ion sieve materials are currently the main adsorbents for achieving selective lithium extraction,determining the economic and industrial feasibility of the adsorption and extraction process.The mechanism of lithium extraction,preparation method,forming technology and adsorption of lithium extraction by lithium ion screen materials were systematically reviewed,and the future research direction are summarized and prospected,providing certain technical reference for achieving efficient utilization of lithium resources in oilfield brine.

The process flow and reaction mechanism of the MTBE unit of Sinopec Quanzhou Petrochemical Co.,Ltd.were presented briefly.The process parameters of the MTBE unit were studied using orthogonal experiments.The results showed that the optimal process parameters for the MTBE unit were etherification tower pressure of 0.52 MPa,reactor space velocity of 1.26 h^-1,and alcohol to olefin ratio of 1.30.Through experimental verification,the content of MSBE in MTBE products decreased from about mass fraction of 1.5% to below 0.6% after the optimization of process parameters.Replacing the original catalyst in etherification distillation column with CDM catalytic distillation module could effectively reduce the generation of MSBE.

Taking ExxonMobil for example,this paper examined the patent application trends and technical routes for the related patents of metallocene polyethylene as cataloged in the Derwent patent database.By February 29,2024,ExxonMobil has submitted 175 patent applications related to metallocene polyethylene,including 59 in China.The analysis revealed that ExxonMobil has a comprehensive patent layout,including metallocene catalyst designs,polymerization processes,applications and modifications of metallocene polyethylene.The patent layout of ExxonMobil in China was basically consistent with that in the world.However,ExxonMobil emphasized catalyst design in its global layout,and payed more attention to application technology in its patent layout in China.Combined with the analyzed results above,some suggestions were given for domestic relevant enterprises and research institutions to deploy technical forces.

The mass hydrogen storage density of methanol is up to 12.5%,which can be used as a hydrogen energy carrier to realize the rapid release and utilization of hydrogen.Methanol reforming to produce hydrogen is an important means to realize the green production and efficient storage and transportation of hydrogen energy,and the catalyst is the key to realize this process.In this paper,the current research progress of Cu-based catalyst used for hydrogen production through methanol steam reforming is reviewed.Building upon existing studies,combing catalyst bulk optimization with microreactor is proposed to prepare a novel catalyst,which is expected to further overcome the defects of Cu-based catalyst and improve the comprehensive properties of catalyst,thus promoting the improvement of hydrogen yield and reduce CO selectivity,laying the foundation for the further development of hydrogen energy technology.

Three oxidizing catalysts were prepared by using Al₂O₃ as the carrier and regulating the content ratio of active components Co and Mo.On this basis,pre-sulfurized hydrotreating catalysts were prepared by introducing sulfurizing agent.At the same time,the desulfurization performance of the 2-4# catalyst with good performance in coke oven gas was investigated under different reaction conditions.The results showed that the best organic sulfur conversion was achieved at the CoO/MoO₃ mass ratio of 0.4,the reaction pressure of 2 MPa and the temperature of 350 ℃.Under the same preparation conditions,the organosulfur conversion of the ex-situ presulfurization catalyst was 1.69% higher than the in-situ presulfurization catalyst,and the catalyst was stable in long-term use,which is promising for market application.

Methanation of carbon dioxide is an effective way to convert and utilize carbon dioxide.In response to the low activity of carbon dioxide methanation catalysts,this article uses nickel as the active component and in-situ growth method to prepare a multi metal component high activity carbon dioxide methanation catalyst La₂NiCoO₆.Through SEM and BET characterization,it was found that adding La element can improve the dispersion and pore structure of nickel based catalysts,which is beneficial for enhancing their activity.The catalyst La₂NiCoO₆ was investigated under different process conditions,and it was found that the conversion of carbon dioxide was 91.21% and methane selectivity was 97.63% under the process conditions of reaction temperature 400 ℃,atmospheric pressure,gas space velocity 12 000 mL·(g·h)^-1,and n(H₂)∶n(CO₂)=4,indicating that the catalyst has high activity at low temperature.And the catalyst La₂NiCoO₆ still maintains relatively high activity and stability within a 300 hour activity cycle.

Epoxidation of olefin is an important part of industrial production of high value-added chemical monomers.Howere, traditional thermal catalytic methods not only consume a large amount of energy but also generate high carbon emission due to side reactions, resulting in poor economic benefits.The renewable green electricity drives the electrocatalytic epoxidation of olefin,which provides a new way to prepare high value-added epoxy intermediates in the industrial field.The research progress of electrocatalytic olefin epoxidation was reviewed,including different catalytic systems,catalytic mechanisms,influencing factors and strategies to improve catalytic performance.Finally,the existing problems and future development directions in this field were pointed out,hoping to provide some research references for the design of electrocatalysts,electrode materials and electrolyzers in olefin epoxidation system.

In this paper,the effect of Al₂O₃ carriers calcinated at different temperatures on Cr₂O₃/Al₂O₃ catalysts was investigated.The carriers and catalysts were analyzed and characterized by XRD,nitrogen adsorption and NH₃-TPD.The results show that the pore structure and surface acidity of the carriers were different when the calcination temperature of the carriers were different,which led to the different conversion,selectivity and stability of the catalysts.When the calcination temperature of the carrier was lower,the specific surface of the carrier was larger,the number of surface hydroxyl groups was higher,and the catalyst had higher conversion,lower selectivity and better stability for the isobutane reaction.When the calcination temperature of the carrier was higher,the specific surface of the carrier was smaller,and the number of surface hydroxyl groups was lower,and the catalyst had lower conversion,higher selectivity and worse stability for the isobutane reaction.

A series of isomerization catalysts for n-butane were prepared by equal-volume impregnation method.The effects of reaction temperature,Pt loading and La modification on the reaction were investig-ated by fixed bed apparatus.The results show that the yield of n-butane is the highest when reaction pressure is 2.4 MPa,hydrogen-hydrocarbon ratio is 3,space velocity is 2 h^-1,reaction temperature is 280 ℃ and Pt loading is 0.05%.La was further introduced into Pt/Cl-Al₂O₃ catalyst by co-impregnation method to improve the catalytic performance of n-butane isomerization.The characterization results showed that the addition of La did not change the surface physical properties of the catalyst,but significantly improved the dispersibility of the active metal Pt,high isobutane yield and good catalyst stability,which provides technical support for industrial application and promotion.

In this paper,TiO₂ powder and UiO-66 were obtained by sol-gel method and solvothermal method respectively.Then UiO-66@TiO₂ composite photocatalyst was synthesized.Composite nano-photocatalyst UiO-66-NH₂@TiO₂ was prepared by solvothermal method using titanate(C₁₆H₃₆O₄Ti) as the Ti source,2-amino benzoic acid as the -NH₂ source,benzoic acid as crosslinker,and UiO-66 as the carrie.By in situ infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR),ultraviolet diffuse reflection (DRS),field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM),energy spectrum (EDS),N₂ adsorption-desorption,X-ray photoelectron energy spectrum (XPS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD),the structure,morphologe,shape of prepared TiO₂,UiO-66,UiO-66@TiO₂,UiO-66-NH₂ and UiO-66-NH₂@TiO₂ were characterized.Catalytic performance test was applied in photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange (MO) solutions.The test results showed that the degradation of 50 mL 5 mg·L^-1 MO solution in 160 min was 92.35% under the condition of 0.800 g UiO-66-NH₂@TiO₂,and pH=1.Therefore,it can be proved that UiO-66-NH₂@TiO₂ has high photocatalytic activity.

Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),as a novel type of hybrid porous materials,exhibit diverse structures,tunable porosity,high specific surface area,unsaturated active sites,and ease of chemical modification,making them widely applicable in fields such as storage and catalysis.In this study,Cu-BTC was synthesized via a hydrothermal method and further modified using vapor-phase substitution to prepare Cu-Zn-BTC adsorbents.The synthesized materials were characterized using XRD,SEM-EDS,BET,and FT-IR techniques.Static adsorption desulfurization experiments were conducted using a model oil (dibenzothiophene in n-octane) to evaluate the desulfurization performance of Cu-BTC and Cu-Zn-BTC.Results demonstrated that under optimal conditions(120 min, 30 ℃),Cu-BTC achieved a maximum adsorption capacity of 38.64 mgS·g^-1 and a desulfurization efficiency of 85.87%.In contrast,Cu-Zn-BTC exhibited superior performance under optimized conditions (70 min,30 ℃),with an adsorption capacity of 57.54 mgS·g^-1 and a desulfurization efficiency of 95.90%.These findings highlight the promising prospects of MOF-based materials in adsorptive desulfurization of fuels.

MoS₂/ZnO composite photocatalyst was synthesized by hydrothermal method.The composition and morphology of as-prepared photocatalyst were tested by infrared spectroscopy,X-ray powder diffraction,scanning electron microscopy and UV diffuse reflectance spectroscopy.The results show that the lamellar MoS₂ is attached to the rod-like ZnO surface,and the light absorption capacity of the composite is enhanced to a certain extent in the visible region.For light irradiation of 120 min and the mass fraction amount of MoS₂ was 1.5%,the degradation efficiency of MoS₂/ZnO(MZ-3) for 15 mg·L^-1 tetracycline was up to 90.01%,which was higher than that of pure ZnO.Five cycle stability test experiments showed the stable photodegradation performance of the composite catalyst.

The Hβ zeolites were modified through alkali treatment using NaOH solutions of various conc-entrations and characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),nitrogen adsorption-desorption,inductively coupled plasma(ICP) spectroscopy,and ammonia temperature-programmed desorption(NH₃-TPD).These materials were subsequently employed to investigate the hydrocracking behavior of tetralin,a representative compound derived from ethylene tar hydrorefining.Compared with untreated Hβ powder,the alkali-treated zeolites exhibited superior hydrocracking performance.This improvement can be attributed to a significant increase in mesoporous volume following alkali treatment,which enhances the diffusion and adsorption of macromolecules within the zeolite framework.Additionally,alkali treatment effectively reduces the acidity of the zeolite,thereby inhibiting side reactions such as alkylation and hydrogen transfer,and promoting the formation of alkylbenzene compounds.Notably,Hβ zeolite treated with 0.5 mol·L^-1 NaOH solution demonstrated exceptional catalytic activity.After 200 h of reaction,the conversion of tetralin exceeded 97.0%,with an alkylbenzene selectivity of 84.8%,indicating robust hydrocracking performance.

The catalytic hydrogenation of p-chloronitrobenzene to synthesize p-chloroaniline is an important organic chemical reaction,and the key to this catalytic reaction is to realize nitro hydrogenation and reduction without dechlorination.N-doped modified Pt_0.3/N_xC catalysts were prepared by an impregnation method,which showed that the metal-carrier interactions induced by N-doped activated carbon carriers improved the activity,selectivity and stability of the catalysts,while inhibiting the C—Cl bond breakage.Among them,the average particle size of Pt nanoparticles on the surface of the Pt_0.3/N_0.2C catalyst prepared by using a mass ratio of urea to activated carbon of 0.2 was the smallest and uniformly dispersed.The catalyst exhibited excellent conversion (100%),selectivity (99.0%) and reusability for the catalytic synthesis of p-chloroaniline from p-chloronitrobenzene hydrogenation at 50 ℃,0.5 MPa,and a reaction time of 90 min.

Co-Li₂O/γ-Al₂O₃ catalyst with Co as the active component,Li₂O as the auxiliary agent and γ-Al₂O₃ as the carrier was prepared by step impregnation method.The effects of reaction temperature,water alcohol ratio and space velocity of glycerol on the reaction were investigated,and the optimal process conditions were determined by orthogonal experiment.The phase,specific surface area and carbon deposition of Co-Li₂O/γ-Al₂O₃ catalyst were characterized by XRD,BET and TPR.The results show that the Co-Li₂O/γ-Al₂O₃ catalyst has a large average pore radius and good carbon deposition resistance.The optimal reaction conditions are as follows:the reaction temperature is 600 ℃,the ratio of water to alcohol is 24,the space velocity of the liquid is 0.24 h^-1,and the hydrogen yield is 5.566 2 mol·mol^-1.

The treatment of textile dyeing wastewater is an urgent issue due to its significant impact on aquatic ecosystems and human health.Among various treatment technologies,the adsorption technology stands out due to its simplicity,effectiveness,and economic feasibility.The regeneration of adsorbents is a key factor limiting the application of this technology.This paper summarized regeneration technologies for adsorbents and discussed their advantages and disadvantages.It focused on the regeneration treatment characteristics of different materials used in textile dyeing wastewater treatment.It also discussed the current research status of the regeneration process.Researching the regeneration of low-cost adsorbents,establishing practical models,and exploring their industrial applications are important in the field of printing and dyeing wastewater treatment.

Hydrogen energy,as a clean and renewable secondary energy source,is an important way to achieve “carbon peak and carbon neutrality”.Proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolysis for hydrogen production is one of the promising technologies to realize “zero carbon” emissions because of its high efficiency,compact and pollution-free characteristics.However,the high cost of PEM electrolysis water hydrogen production system has severely limited its large-scale commercial application.In this paper,the routes of water electrolysis for hydrogen production and the basic principle of PEM water electrolysis technology are reviewed,and then the development barriers of the PEM water electrolysis technology are emphasized,including the barriers of critical materials—precious metal iridium catalyst and proton exchange membrane,the core devices—bipolar plate and porous transport layer.The reduction direction and development potential of PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production technology are discussed,and its application prospect is also prospected.

Cu-SAPO-34 molecular sieve catalyst was synthesized by one-step hydrothermal method.The Cu-SAPO-34 molecular sieve catalyst was modified by loading cerium element using low-cost morpholine as the template,and new complex Cu-TEPA as the copper source and co-template.Effects of calcination temperature,heating rate and Ce/Al ratio on catalytic performance of Cu-SAPO-34 molecular sieve in NO_x removal from diesel engine exhaust were studied,and the catalyst was characterized by XRD and N₂ adsorption-desorption.The results show that the loading of cerium element can effectively improve the catalytic performance of Cu-SAPO-34 molecular sieve catalyst.When the calcination temperature is 700 ℃,the heating rate is 5 ℃·min^-1,and the Ce/Al molar ratio is 0.06,the Cu/Ce-SAPO-34 catalyst has the highest NO_x removal efficiency of 89.6%.The structure,crystallinity,specific surface area and pore volume of the catalyst at this time are also relatively best.

In order to improve the phenomenon of micro-pores caused by water evaporation in the film forming process of epoxy acrylate emulsion,four different oxidized polyethylene waxes XW-17,XE-16,PED522 and 629A were used to modify the epoxy emulsion.Due to the high melting point of oxidized polyethylene wax,it was used as a functional monomer to modify epoxy acrylate,and its optimal amount was studied.Finally,epoxy emulsion was prepared by soap-free core-shell emulsion polymerization.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) confirmed that oxidized polyethylene wax was successfully introduced into epoxy acrylate.The optimum addition amount of oxidized polyethylene wax was determined by cross-linking degree and water absorption.The microstructure of emulsion before and after modification was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).Thermal weight (TGA),static water contact angle and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to test the emulsion dry film before and after modification.The results showed that the addition of oxidized polyethylene wax could improve the thermal properties and roughness of the emulsion dry film,but did not change the hydrophilicity of the emulsion dry film.The optimum addition amount of oxidized polyethylene wax to modified epoxy acrylate was mass fraction of 0.3%,and the modified emulsion with 629A had the best performance.

Cu-Zn-Al-Mg methanol synthesis catalyst was prepared by co-precipitation method.The effect of calcination temperatures on its selectivity and activity were investigated and the catalysts were characterized by XRD,N₂ low-temperature adsorption,TG-DTG and H₂-TPR.The results showed that the catalyst precursor was incomplete decomposition at 250 ℃; when the calcination temperature was (300~350) ℃,the catalyst had the appropriate size of copper oxide crystalline,the catalyst had good selectivity and the best CO conversion; when the calcination temperature was 450 ℃,the copper oxide crystalline size was too big,although the selectivity of catalyst was the best (the liquid phase ethanol content was the lowest),but the CO conversion of the catalyst was the worst.

Aiming at the traditional coke oven gas desulphurisation technology which requires high temperature,consumes hydrogen and complicated process,the new coke oven gas fine desulphurisation technology by normal temperature adsorption method and its supporting desulphurisation adsorbent have been developed and industrially applied in 300 kt·a^-1 coke oven gas to reduced iron plant.The desulphurisation principle,process flow and technical characteristics of this technology are mainly introduced.The results of industrial application show that the mass concentration of total sulfur in coke oven gas after fine desulfurization at normal temperature is less than 0.1 mg·m^-3,which can meet the performance requirements of downstream methane dry reforming catalyst and has a good application prospect.

This study aims to prepare Ag/Cu-modified hydroxyapatite (HAP) catalysts for the purification of volatile organic compounds (VOCs).Cu-doped HAP composite carriers were synthesized using the solgel method and the modulation of Ag species and active oxygen by Cu modification was discussed systematically.Catalytic oxidation experiments of toluene demonstrated that the Cu doping level significantly influenced the activity of the Ag/Cu-modified HAP catalyst.Specifically,the Ag/5%Cu-modified HAP catalyst exhibited superior performance,achieving complete toluene oxidation at 255 ℃,which represents a 70 ℃ decline in complete toluene conversion temperature compared to the undoped Ag/HAP catalyst.Characterization results revealed that 5%Cu doping facilitates the formation of an optimal synergistic effect at the Ag-Cu interface.This enhanced synergy between Ag and Cu boosts the generation and migration of reactive oxygen species,thereby significantly improving the low-temperature redox performance of the catalyst and enhancing its catalytic oxidation efficiency for toluene.These findings provide critical theoretical insights and experimental validation for the rational design of high-performance Ag/Cu-based catalytic systems.